Stigma and HIV infection in Russia

被引:40
作者
Balabanova, Y.
Coker, R.
Atun, R. A.
Drobniewski, F.
机构
[1] Barts & London Queen Marys Sch Med & Dent, Queen Mary Coll, Clin Sci Res Ctr, Clin TB & HIV Grp,HPA Mycobacterium Reference Uni, London E1 2AT, England
[2] Samara Reg TB Serv, Samara Oblast Dispensary, Samara, Russia
[3] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Publ Hlth, London WC1, England
[4] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Tanaka Business Sch, Ctr Hlth Management, London, England
来源
AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV | 2006年 / 18卷 / 07期
关键词
D O I
10.1080/09540120600643641
中图分类号
R19 [保健组织与事业(卫生事业管理)];
学科分类号
摘要
Few studies have examined the personal and social consequences of stigma associated with HIV infection in Russia, a country with one of the most rapidly advancing HIV epidemics globally. By May 2005, Samara Oblast, Russia had 24,022 notified seropositive individuals. Focus-group discussions with randomly sampled seropositive and seronegative individuals, matched by age, gender and education were selected from the general population and used to provide an informal forum for discussion of attitudes to HIV and potentially stigmatizing behavior. The results demonstrated that the perception that HIV was associated with immoral behaviour underpinned stigma. Discriminating attitudes are strongly associated with misperceptions regarding transmission and frequent over-estimation of risks from casual contact. The general population was unforgiving to those who had become infected sexually or through drug use. Infection through a medical procedure or from an assault was perceived as a likely route of infection. Knowledge of population attitudes and perceptions, as well as those who are HIV-positive, is critical for successful interventions and to encourage people to come forward for HIV testing. This research offers insights into the distance that needs to be traveled if stigma is to be addressed in wider efforts to control HIV in Russia.
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页码:846 / 852
页数:7
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