Benefits of laparoscopic adrenalectomy: A 10-year single institution experience

Introduction: We aimed to compare the outcomes of laparoscopic and open adrenalectomies and to assess the impact of the availability of advanced laparoscopy on adrenal surgery at our institution. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of data of all patients who underwent adrenalectomy at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center over a 10-year period. Results: Sixty-four consecutive patients underwent adrenalectomy during the study periods. There were 19 open (OA) and 45 laparoscopic (LA) adrenalectomies performed. There was no significant difference between the average size of adrenal masses removed for the LA and the OA groups [4.3 vs. 5.5 cm, respectively (P = 0.23)]. LA proved superior to OA, resulting in shorter operative times (171 vs. 229 min, P = 0.02), less blood loss (96 vs. 371 mL, P < 0.01), shorter time to regular diet (1.9 vs. 4.4d, P < 0.001), and shorter hospital stay (2.5 vs. 5.8d, P = 0.02). In addition, the average annual number of adrenalectomies increased significantly since the establishment of our advanced laparoscopic program (10.0 vs. 2.0, P = 0.02). Conclusions: LA offers superior results when compared to OA in terms of operative time, blood loss, return of bowel function, duration of hospital stay, and functional recovery. The availability of advanced laparoscopy has resulted in a significant increase in the number of adrenalectomies performed at our institution without a shift in surgical indications.