Mucosal melanoma of the head and neck

被引:113
作者
Ascierto, Paolo Antonio [1 ]
Accorona, Remo [2 ]
Botti, Gerardo [3 ]
Farina, Davide [4 ]
Fossati, Piero [5 ]
Gatta, Gemma [6 ]
Gogas, Helen [7 ]
Lombardi, Davide [2 ]
Maroldi, Roberto [4 ]
Nicolai, Piero [2 ]
Ravanelli, Marco [4 ]
Vanella, Vito [1 ]
机构
[1] IRCCS Pascale Fdn, Italian Natl Canc Inst, Dept Melanoma Soft Tissues Musculoskeletal & Head, Naples, Italy
[2] Univ Brescia, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Brescia, Italy
[3] IRCCS Pascale Fdn, Italian Natl Canc Inst, Dept Pathol & Cytopathol, Naples, Italy
[4] Univ Brescia, Dept Radiol, Brescia, Italy
[5] CNAO Fdn, Particle Therapy Canc Res Inst, Milan, Italy
[6] Fdn IRCCS, Ist Nazl Tumori, Evaluat Epidemiol Unit, Milan, Italy
[7] Laikon Gen Hosp, Dept Med 1, Athens, Greece
关键词
Mucosal melanoma; Head and neck; Surgery; Radiotherapy; Targeted therapies; c-KIT immunotherapies; anti PD-1/PD-L1; PRIMARY MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; MULTIINSTITUTIONAL RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS; CARBON ION RADIOTHERAPY; BRAF-MUTANT MELANOMA; PROTON-BEAM THERAPY; C-KIT MUTATION; ORAL MUCOSAL; OPEN-LABEL; NASAL CAVITY; POSTOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY;
D O I
10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.01.019
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Mucosal melanoma of the head and neck is a very rare and aggressive malignancy with a very poor prognosis. The nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and oral cavity are the most common locations. One-, 3- and 5-year survival rates between 2000 and 2007 were 63%, 30% and 20%, respectively. Cigarette smoking seems to be a risk factor even though the evidence for this is very low. Clinical signs and symptoms are usually nonspecific. While surgery is considered the mainstay of treatment for most mucosal melanomas of the head and neck region, radiotherapy has a role in local control of the disease after surgery. Many new treatment options in the last years, in particular targeted therapies (i.e. inhibitors of c-KIT, NRAS/MEK or BRAF) and immunotherapies (anti CTLA-4 and anti PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies), have changed the history of cutaneous melanoma. Despite the different biology, mucosal melanoma is currently treated in the same way as cutaneous melanoma; however, patients with mucosal melanoma were excluded from the majority of recent clinical trials. Recent molecular findings offer new hope for the development of more effective systemic therapy. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:136 / 152
页数:17
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