Assessing Socio-Economic Vulnerability to Climate Change Impacts and Environmental Hazards in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia

This article systematically reviews and synthesises academic, peer-reviewed literature to assess the state of knowledge concerning socio-economic vulnerability to climate change impacts and environmental hazards in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia. It focuses upon empirical research that identifies socio-economic factors associated with vulnerable subpopulations. Using systematic review methods, 35 articles met the inclusion criteria. These articles are analysed according to their general characteristics, the methods used, and the factors reported to be associated with socio-economic vulnerability. This body of evidence reveals that (1) the majority of the knowledge about socio-economic vulnerability in New South Wales and Queensland has only recently emerged; (2) more knowledge has been published about Queensland; and (3) extreme temperature is the most researched environmental hazard. Despite increased research activity over time, the number of factors repeatedly demonstrated to influence socio-economic vulnerability is small. Age, gender, place of residence, and pre-existing illness were the most commonly reported factors, although the influence of these factors upon socio-economic vulnerability is complex. There is scope to extend the empirical research base across a broader range of climate-related hazards and to better link findings from the domains of climate change vulnerability and population health.