Nano-Objects and Ions in Liquid Crystals: Ion Trapping Effect and Related Phenomena

被引:131
作者
Garbovskiy, Yuriy [1 ]
Glushchenko, Iryna
机构
[1] Univ Colorado, UCCS BioFrontiers Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA
来源
CRYSTALS | 2015年 / 5卷 / 04期
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
nano-objects; nanoparticles; ions; liquid crystals; electrical conductivity; ion trapping; purification; DIRECTOR RELAXATION FREQUENCY; COMPLEX DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; PHYS; LETT; 87; CARBON NANOTUBES; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROOPTICAL PROPERTIES; GOLD NANOPARTICLE; INSULATING-NANOPARTICLES; TRANSIENT CURRENT; NEMATIC LAYERS;
D O I
10.3390/cryst5040501
中图分类号
O7 [晶体学];
学科分类号
0702 ; 070205 ; 0703 ; 080501 ;
摘要
The presence of ions in liquid crystals is one of the grand challenges that hinder the application of liquid crystals in various devices, which include advanced 3-D and flexible displays, tunable lenses, etc. Not only do they compromise the overall performance of liquid crystal devices, ions are also responsible for slow response, image sticking, and image flickering, as well as many other negative effects. Even highly purified liquid crystal materials can get contaminated during the manufacturing process. Moreover, liquid crystals can degrade over time and generate ions. All of these factors raise the bar for their quality control, and increase the manufacturing cost of liquid crystal products. A decade of dedicated research has paved the way to the solution of the issues mentioned above through merging liquid crystals and nanotechnology. Nano-objects (guests) that are embedded in the liquid crystals (hosts) can trap ions, which decreases the ion concentration and electrical conductivity, and improves the electro-optical response of the host. In this paper, we (i) review recently published works reporting the effects of nanoscale dopants on the electrical properties of liquid crystals; and (ii) identify the most promising inorganic and organic nanomaterials suitable to capture ions in liquid crystals.
引用
收藏
页码:501 / 533
页数:33
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