Debris characterization techniques via unresolved long-wave infrared imaging from a space-based platform

Every space launch increases the overall amount of space debris, especially when circumstances result in the orbital objects being stranded in orbit with no deorbiting capabilities. Studies contributing to the understanding of space debris aid spacecraft operators in mitigating risk associated with Earth-orbiting debris objects. Accurately characterizing the debris threat to a spacecraft is of vital importance in maximizing the lifespan and mission capabilities of the spacecraft. This investigation aims to develop long-wave infrared radiometric-based techniques for detection and characterization of typical debris objects via signal analysis of unresolved imagery. Tumble rate, absorptivity-to-emissivity ratio, and cross-sectional area are analyzed and estimates made regarding their values. Fusion of astrometric and radiometric data allows for a more accurate, and less ambiguous, hypothesis to be reached concerning the cross-sectional area of debris objects. (C) 2014 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)