Adaptive Optimizations for Surveillance Sensor Network Longevity

Sensor networks are typically wireless networks composed of resource-constrained battery powered devices. In this paper, we present a criterion for determining whether or not a surveillance sensor network is viable. We use this criterion to compare methods for extending the effective lifetime of the sensor network. The life extension methods we consider are local adaptations that reduce the energy drain on individual nodes. They are communications range management, node repositioning, and data agreement. Simulations of a surveillance scenario quantify the utility of these methods. Our results indicate that data agreement provides the most improvement in network longevity, and communications range management is also useful. Repositioning nodes to reduce the power needed for communications is dependent on the amount of attenuation experienced by the node's communications signal and the volume of traffic between nodes. When these factors are considered, node repositioning is an effective strategy for network life extension. Synergies between the energy conservation approaches are also explored.