A Gram-staining negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated YS-37(T), was isolated from soil in a manganese factory, People's Republic of China. Based on16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain YS-37(T) was most closely related to Lysobacter pocheonensis Gsoil 193(T) (97.0%), Lysobacter dokdonensis DS-58(T) (96.0%) and Lysobacter daecheongensis Dae08(T) (95.8%) and grouped together with L. pocheonensis Gsoil 193(T) and Lysobacter dokdonensis DS-58(T). The DNA-DNA hybridization value between strain YS-37(T) and L. pocheonensis KCTC 12624(T) was 43.3% (+/- 1). The major respiratory quinone of strain YS-37(T) was ubiquinone-8, and the polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phospholipid, phosphatidylmethylethaolamine and two unknown lipids. Its major cellular fatty acids (> 5%) were iso-C-15:0, iso-C-17:1 omega 9c, iso-C-16:0, iso-C-11:0 3-OH and iso-C-11:0 and the G + C content of the genomic DNA was 67.1 mol%. Strain YS-37(T) also showed some biophysical and biochemical differences with the related strains, especially in hydrolysis of casein. The results demonstrated that strain YS-37(T) belongs to genus Lysobacter and represents a novel Lysobacter species for which the name Lysobacter tongrenensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YS-37(T) (= CCTCC AB 2016052(T) = KCTC 52206(T)).