Fruiting phenology is linked to rainfall variability in a tropical rain forest

被引:58
|
作者
Dunham, Amy E. [1 ,2 ]
Razafindratsima, Onja H. [2 ,3 ]
Rakotonirina, Paul [2 ]
Wright, Patricia C. [2 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Rice Univ, Dept BioSci, Houston, TX 77005 USA
[2] Ctr ValBio, Ranomafana Natl Pk, Ifanadiana 312, Madagascar
[3] Coll Charleston, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29424 USA
[4] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anthropol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
climate change; drought; frugivory; lemur; Madagascar; phenology; precipitation; CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; EL-NINO; PLANT PHENOLOGY; INFANT SURVIVAL; MADAGASCAR; PATTERNS; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; SHIFTS; DEFORESTATION;
D O I
10.1111/btp.12564
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
As the influence of climate change on tropical forests becomes apparent, more studies are needed to understand how changes in climatic variables such as rainfall are likely to affect tree phenology. Using a twelve-year dataset (2005-2016), we studied the impact of seasonal rainfall patterns on the fruiting phenology of 69 tree species in the rain forest of southeastern Madagascar. We found that average annual rainfall in this region has increased by >800mm (23%) during this period relative to that recorded for the previous 40years and was highly variable both within and between years. Higher monthly measures of fruiting richness and the intensity of fruiting in our sample community were associated with significantly higher levels of rainfall. We also found that less rainfall during the dry season, but not the wet season, was associated with a significant shift toward later timing of peak richness and peak intensity of fruiting in the subsequent 12months; however, this pattern was driven primarily by an extreme drought event that occurred during the study period. Longer time scales of phenology data are needed to see whether this pattern is consistent. Madagascar is expected to experience more extremes in rainfall and drought with increasing climate change. Thus, the linkages between variable precipitation and the fruiting phenology of forest trees will have important consequences for understanding plant reproduction and the ability of Madagascar's wildlife to cope with a changing climate. Resume Vu que l'influence du changement climatique sur les forets tropicales devient de plus en plus marquee, plus de recherches sont necessaires afin de comprendre comment des changements dans les variables climatiques, comme la precipitation, affectent l'ecologie des plantes. En utilisant un ensemble de donnees collectees de 2005 a 2016, la presente etude a pour but de determiner l'impact du changement des precipitations saisonnieres sur la phenologie de fructification de 69 especes d'arbres dans la foret tropicale du Parc National Ranomafana, situe dans le Sud-Est de Madagascar. Nous avons constate que les precipitations annuelles moyennes dans cette region ont augmente de plus de 800mm (23%) au cours de cette periode par rapport a celles enregistrees au cours des 40 annees precedentes, avec d'importantes variations inter- et intra-annuelles. Par ailleurs, les donnees montrent que la richesse ainsi que l'intensite de fructification de la communaute etudiee etaient significativement elevees suivant l'accroissement des taux de precipitations. Nous avons egalement constate qu'un faible taux de precipitations pendant la saison seche, mais pas pendant la saison humide, a pour consequence un decalage considerable sur les pics de fructifications durant les 12 mois qui suivent. Cependant, cette tendance a ete principalement causee par un episode de secheresse extreme survenu au cours de la periode d'etude. Des donnees phenologiques sur une plus longue echelle de temps devraient etre examinees afin de pouvoir evaluer si les variations observees sont constantes dans le temps. Selon des projections climatiques, il est estime que Madagascar fera face a des precipitations et des episodes de secheresse plus extremes avec le changement climatique. Ainsi, des etudes sur l'impact des variations des taux de precipitations sur le temps de reproduction des arbres forestiers auraient des implications considerables sur notre comprehension de la reproduction des plantes ainsi que la capacite de la faune malgache a faire face au changement climatique.
引用
收藏
页码:396 / 404
页数:9
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