A Neural Network and SOM Based Approach to Analyse Periodic Signals: Application to Oyster Heart-Rate Data

New sensor streams are being generated at a rapidly increasing rate. The sources of these streams are a diverse set of networked sensors, diverse both in sensing hardware and sensing modality. Machine learning algorithms are ideally placed to develop generalized methods for stream analysis. One exemplar problem is the detection and analysis of periodic structure within these streams. Our contribution is the proposal of a new machine learning framework that (i) classifies a signal as periodic or aperiodic, (ii) further analyses the signal to find periodic structure using a neural network, and (iii) groups the motifs in the periodic signals using a modified Self Organising Map algorithm. We also demonstrate the framework using data generated by an Oyster heart rate sensor. We find that the generalized approach our classifier improves the detection of signal periods by reducing the number of functions classified as periodic from 11% to 9%; however, most benefit occurs for period calculation with the number of erroneously calculated periods reducing from 14% to 4%.