An enhanced approach for detecting double JPEG compression with the same quantization matrix

The number of different JPEG coefficients between two successive JPEG compressed images with the same quantization matrix will monotonically decrease in general. This intrinsic property can be used to detect double JPEG compression with the same quantization matrix. However, such a decreasing tendency is not significant for some JPEG images compressed with low quality factors (QFs). It is especially difficult to detect double JPEG compression in this scenario. By analyzing the statistical properties of JPEG coefficients with various QFs, an enhanced random perturbation based double JPEG compression detection method is proposed in this paper. Unlike existing random perturbation strategy that just indiscriminately selects JPEG coefficients for modification, in the proposed method, only JPEG coefficients with values 1 are modified by a novel modification strategy. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms some state-of-the-art detection methods, including the original random perturbation based one, especially for the case of low QFs.