Preparation and flame retardancy of reactive flame retardant for cotton fabric

Monochlorotriazine aminopropyl silanol phosphate (MCASP) was synthesized as a novel flame retardant agent for cotton fabric. It was characterized by FTIR, H-1, C-13 and P-31 NMR. The flame retardancy of the cotton fabric treated with MCASP was characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI), and the vertical burning test. The cotton fabric treated with 300 g L-1 MCASP obtained the best flame retardancy with a LOI value of 31.0%, and the char length decreased to 4.5 cm. Combustion behaviors of treated cotton fabric were tested by cone calorimeter. The ignition time increased, and the values of total heat release, heat release rate, mass loss decreased. The surface morphology of the residues and the thermal stability of cotton fabric were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The chemical structure of residue of treated cotton fabric was studied by FTIR. The results showed that MCASP played a protective role on the degradation of cotton fabric, hindered the formation of volatile species and favored the formation of char. What is more, the strength and durability of treated fabric were studied by tear force test and washing durability test, respectively.