DNS Cache Poisoning: A Review on its Technique and Countermeasures

IP address is the basis of Internet server communication. Many attackers try to spoof Domain Name System using different techniques to introduce false IP addresses to client servers. Use of cache memory is the most commonly seen type, which is known as DNS cache poisoning. This attack has become a serious threat to information security at individual and organizational levels. The purpose of this article is to study Domain Name System and the mechanism of DNS cache poisoning. Further, this paper will discuss countermeasures used against DNS cache poisoning. Many scholars have presented different methods of cache poisoning and the most recent technique was introduced by Kaminsky in 2008. Many researches have been done throughout the world to invent more secure countermeasures against DNS cache poisoning and the most commonly used countermeasure is Domain Name System Security Extensions. However, there are different countermeasures against DNS cache poisoning; none of the countermeasure could certify the action against DNS cache poisoning. Hence, future researches should be oriented towards to introducing more trustworthy countermeasures against DNS cache poisoning and new identical infrastructure for internet browsing other than DNS.