Thematic Review Series: High Density Lipoprotein Structure, Function, and Metabolism HDL and cholesterol: life after the divorce?

被引:68
作者
Vickers, Kasey C. [1 ]
Remaley, Alan T. [2 ]
机构
[1] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA
[2] NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
microRNA; extracellular miRNA; small RNA carrier; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; FATTY-ACID ESTERS; RECEPTOR CLASS-B; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR; BILE-ACIDS; SPHINGOSINE; 1-PHOSPHATE; SMALL RNAS; ANTIINFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS;
D O I
10.1194/jlr.R035964
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
For decades, HDL and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were viewed as synonymous, and modulation of HDL-C levels by drug therapy held great promise for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, recent failures of drugs that raise HDL-C to reduce cardiovascular risk and the now greater understanding of the complexity of HDL composition and biology have prompted researchers in the field to redefine HDL. As such, the focus of HDL has now started to shift away from a cholesterol-centric view toward HDL particle number, subclasses, and other alternative metrics of HDL. Many of the recently discovered functions of HDL are, in fact, not strictly conferred by its ability to promote cholesterol flux but by the other molecules it transports, including a diverse set of proteins, small RNAs, hormones, carotenoids, vitamins, and bioactive lipids. Based on HDL's ability to interact with almost all cells and transport and deliver fat-soluble cargo, HDL has the remarkable capacity to affect a wide variety of endocrine-like systems. In this review, we characterize HDL's unique cargo and address the functional relevance and consequences of HDL transport and delivery of noncholesterol molecules to recipient cells and tissues.
引用
收藏
页码:4 / 12
页数:9
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