Shipping emissions and their impacts on air quality in China

被引:143
作者
Zhang, Yan [1 ]
Yang, Xin [1 ]
Brown, Richard [2 ]
Yang, Liping [2 ]
Morawska, Lidia [3 ]
Ristovski, Zoran [3 ]
Fu, Qingyan [4 ]
Huang, Cheng [5 ]
机构
[1] Fudan Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai Key Lab Atmospher Particle Pollut & Prev, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China
[2] Queensland Univ Technol, Biofuels Engine Res Facil, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia
[3] Queensland Univ Technol, Int Lab Air Qual & Hlth, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia
[4] Shanghai Environm Monitoring Ctr, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China
[5] Shanghai Acad Environm Sci, Shanghai 200233, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
Ship emission; China; Air pollution; Emission factor; OCEAN-GOING VESSELS; EXHAUST EMISSIONS; PARTICULATE MATTER; RIVER DELTA; HONG-KONG; IDENTIFICATION; CARBON; SEA; POLLUTANTS; PARTICLES;
D O I
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.098
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
China has >400 ports, is home to 7 of 10 biggest ports in the world and its waterway infrastructure construction has been accelerating over the past years. But the increasing number of ports and ships means increasing emissions, and in turn, increasing impact on local and regional air pollution. This paper presents an overview of the broad field of ship emissions in China and their atmospheric impacts, including topics of ship engine emissions and control, ship emission factors and their measurements, developing of ship emission inventories, shipping and port emissions of the main shipping areas in China, and quantitative contribution of shipping emissions to the local and regional air pollution. There have been an increasing number of studies published on all the above aspects, yet, this review identified some critical research gaps, filling of which is necessary for better control of ship emissions, and for lowering their impacts. In particular, there are very few studies on inland ports and river ships, and there are few national scale ship emission inventories available for China. While advanced method to estimate ship emission based on ship AIS activities makes it now possible to develop high spatial -and temporal-resolution emission inventories, the ship emission factors used in Chinese studies have been based mainly on foreign measurements. Further, the contribution of ship emissions to air pollution in coastal cities, the dispersion of pollution plumes emitted by ships, or the chemical evolution process along the transmission path, have so far not been systematically studied in China.
引用
收藏
页码:186 / 198
页数:13
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