Association between metabolic control and oral health in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

被引:10
作者
Ferizi, Lulejeta [1 ,2 ]
Bimbashi, Venera [2 ,3 ]
Kelmendi, Jeta [2 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Prishtina, Dept Pediat & Prevent Dent, Dent Sch, Fac Med, Prishtina, Kosovo
[2] Univ Dent Clin Ctr Kosovo, Rrethi & Spitalit Pn 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo
[3] Univ Prishtina, Fac Med, Dept Prosthodont, Dent Sch, Rrethi & Spitalit Pn 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo
[4] Univ Prishtina, Dept Orthodont, Dent Sch, Fac Med, Prishtina, Kosovo
关键词
Children; Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Oral health; Metabolic control; DENTAL-CARIES; PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; RISK INDICATORS; SALIVARY STATUS; ADOLESCENTS; GENETICS; GINGIVA;
D O I
10.1186/s12903-022-02555-x
中图分类号
R78 [口腔科学];
学科分类号
1003 ;
摘要
Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common chronic disease and can be reflected in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of metabolic control on saliva, dental caries, dental plaque, gingival inflammation, and cariogenic bacteria in saliva. Methods A case-control epidemiologic study was performed on children with type 1 diabetes (ages 10-15 years) separated into two groups: 34 children with good metabolic control of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c < 7.5%) and 46 children with poor metabolic control of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c > 7.5%). Oral status was assessed using the Decay, Missing, and Filled Teeth index for permanent teeth (DMFT), plaque index and gingival index. The stimulated salivary flow rate was measured, and the colonies of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus in saliva were determined. The observed children answered questions related to their frequency of brushing habits, dental visits and parents' education. Mann-Whitney U Test, Chi-Square test and Fisher's exact test were used in the statistical analyses. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results The children with diabetes with poor metabolic control had significantly higher values of the DMFT index, plaque index, and gingival index, more colonies, and a higher risk of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus than the children with diabetes with good metabolic control (p < 0.001). The level of metabolic control of diabetes had no influence on salivary flow rates (p > 0.05). The majority of both groups with good and poor metabolic control brushed their teeth once per day, and they visited the dentist only when necessary (61.3%). However, the parents of children in both groups had medium to low levels of education, without any significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion The results indicate that children with diabetes have a lower level of oral hygiene and are potentially to dental caries and periodontal diseases, mainly when their metabolic disorder is uncontrolled.
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页数:9
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