The article considers the mechanism for ensuring the security of human health and the environment when the state authorities of Russia and Germany carry out control and supervisory activities in the field of genetic engineering. The author determines the essence of state control and supervision in the field of genetic engineering and examines various forms of state control and supervision over GMOs and GM products in Russia and Germany. The research methods are used in the study are: systems analysis, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as dialectical, logical, comparative legal methods. The analysis shows that licensing at all its stages, from the receipt of a license to the following license control, is one of the main forms of state control. Another form of state control is registration of GMOs and GM products intended for release into the environment in accordance with the types of the authorized target use of GMOs. Depending on their intended use in Russia, GMOs and GM products are registered by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service for Health Supervision (Roszdravnadzor), the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor), the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary supervision (Rosselkhoznadzor). Other forms of state control over genetic engineering activities are certification and conformity assessment, verification, monitoring, as well as control over the release of GMOs. In the Russian Federation, like in Germany, the state management approach in the field of genetic engineering does not assume a direct intervention of state bodies in the implementation of these activities, which creates the necessary conditions for the formation and improvement of methods and technologies of genetic engineering. As a result of the study, the author concludes that control and supervisory activities in the field of genetic engineering in Russia and Germany are based on similar principles and strategies, and also have a similar system of forms of state control. However, measures that Russian laws provide based on the results of state control, including the cancellation of the registration certificate and the introduction of information on special conditions of use into it, are clearly not enough as they do not ensure the withdrawal of GM products from the consumer field.
