Femtosecond x-ray diffraction reveals a liquid-liquid phase transition in phase-change materials

被引：134

作者：

Zalden, Peter ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Quirin, Florian ^{[4
,5
]}

Schumacher, Mathias ^{[6
,7
]}

Siegel, Jan ^{[8
]}

Wei, Shuai ^{[9
,10
]}

Koc, Azize ^{[4
,5
,11
]}

Nicoul, Matthieu ^{[4
,5
]}

Trigo, Mariano ^{[1
,2
]}

Andreasson, Pererik ^{[12
]}

Enquist, Henrik ^{[12
]}

Shu, Michael J. ^{[13
]}

Pardini, Tommaso ^{[14
]}

Chollet, Matthieu ^{[15
]}

Zhu, Diling ^{[15
]}

Lemke, Henrik ^{[15
,16
]}

Ronneberger, Ider ^{[6
,7
]}

Larsson, Jorgen ^{[12
]}

Lindenberg, Aaron M. ^{[1
,2
,17
]}

Fischer, Henry E. ^{[18
]}

Hau-Riege, Stefan ^{[14
]}

Reis, David A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Mazzarello, Riccardo ^{[6
,7
]}

Wuttig, Matthias ^{[9
,10
,19
]}

Sokolowski-Tinten, Klaus ^{[4
,5
]}

机构：

[1] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford PULSE Inst, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[2] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[3] European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany

[4] Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Phys, Lotharstr 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany

[5] Univ Duisburg Essen, Ctr Nanointegrat Duisburg Essen CENIDE, Lotharstr 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany

[6] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, JARA FIT, Inst Theoret Festkorperphys, Aachen, Germany

[7] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, JARA HPC, Aachen, Germany

[8] CSIC, Inst Opt, C Serrano 121, Madrid 28006, Spain

[9] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 1, Sommerfeldstr 14, D-52074 Aachen, Germany

[10] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, JARA FIT, Sommerfeldstr 14, D-52074 Aachen, Germany

[11] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany

[12] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Professorsgatan 1, S-22362 Lund, Sweden

[13] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[14] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA

[15] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[16] Paul Scherrer Inst, Forsch Str 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland

[17] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[18] Inst Laue Langevin, 71 Ave Martyrs,CS 20156, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France

[19] Forschungszentrum Julich, PGI 10 Green IT, D-52428 Julich, Germany

来源：

SCIENCE | 2019年 / 364卷 / 6445期

基金：

瑞典研究理事会;

关键词：

SEMICONDUCTOR-METAL TRANSITION; CALORIMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; CRYSTAL NUCLEATION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GLASS-TRANSITION; THIN-FILMS; CRYSTALLIZATION; HEAT; DYNAMICS; GROWTH;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aaw1773

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

In phase-change memory devices, a material is cycled between glassy and crystalline states. The highly temperature-dependent kinetics of its crystallization process enables application in memory technology, but the transition has not been resolved on an atomic scale. Using femtosecond x-ray diffraction and ab initio computer simulations, we determined the time-dependent pair-correlation function of phase-change materials throughout the melt-quenching and crystallization process. We found a liquid-liquid phase transition in the phase-change materials Ag4In3Sb67Te26 and Ge15Sb85 at 660 and 610 kelvin, respectively. The transition is predominantly caused by the onset of Peierls distortions, the amplitude of which correlates with an increase of the apparent activation energy of diffusivity. This reveals a relationship between atomic structure and kinetics, enabling a systematic optimization of the memory-switching kinetics.

引用

页码：1062 / +

页数：39

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