CRISPR as a strong gene editing tool

被引：22
作者：
Shen, Shengfu [1 ]
Loh, Tiing Jen [2 ]
Shen, Hongling [2 ]
Zheng, Xuexiu [2 ]
Shen, Haihong [2 ]
机构：
[1] Willston Northampton Sch, Easthampton, MA 01027 USA
[2] Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Life Sci, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
来源：
BMB REPORTS | 2017年 / 50卷 / 01期
基金：
新加坡国家研究基金会;
关键词：
CRISPR; Gene editing; Homology directed repair; Non-homologous end joining; STRAND-BREAK REPAIR; STREPTOCOCCUS-THERMOPHILUS; CAS SYSTEMS; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNA; RESISTANCE; BACTERIA; RNA;
D O I：
10.5483/BMBRep.2017.50.1.128
中图分类号：
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号：
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要：
Clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is a new and effective genetic editing tool. CRISPR was initially found in bacteria to protect it from virus invasions. In the first step, specific DNA strands of virus are identified by guide RNA that is composed of crRNA and tracrRNA. Then RNAse III is required for producing crRNA from pre-crRNA. In The second step, a crRNA:tracrRNA:Cas9 complex guides RNase III to cleave target DNA. After cleavage of DNA by CRISPR-Cas9, DNA can be fixed by Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) and Homology Directed Repair (HDR). Whereas NHEJ is simple and random, HDR is much more complex and accurate. Gene editing by CRISPR is able to be applied to various biological field such as agriculture and treating genetic diseases in human.
引用
收藏
页码：20 / 24
页数：5
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