Self-assembly driven by molecular motors

The outcome of a self-assembly process is not only determined by the specified connections between building blocks, but also by the means of bringing building blocks into contact and of testing for the formation of an intended connection. Endowing each building block with the ability to actively move overcomes some limitations of diffusion-driven molecular and nanoscale self-assembly by accelerating transport, reducing unwanted connections, and introducing self-organization phenomena with desirable consequences. Proof-of-principle experiments utilizing biomolecular motors, e.g. motor proteins, to propel nanostructures and the underlying concepts are reviewed, and the potential impact for nanomanufacturing is discussed.