Theory of the quantum Hall effect at v=1/2 in a wide quantum well -: art. no. 155313

In a monolayer system a composite (c) fermion with two flux quanta (fluxons) is known to be generated at the Landau level occupation number (filling factor) nu=1/2. In a bilayer system two c fermions are bound via the phonon exchange to form a pair (p) c boson with parallel electron spins and the system of condensed pc bosons generates a quantum Hall effect (QHE) state at nu=1/2. Similar pc bosons are formed more efficiently at nu=1, and the QHE state developed is stronger. These QHE states become weaker at a tilted magnetic field since the pc boson has a p-wave-type charge distribution with the preferred axis along [001].