Robust Operation of Shipboard Microgrids With Multiple-Battery Energy Storage System Under Navigation Uncertainties

Energy storage system (ESS) management benefits the operation of all-electric ships (AESs) since its ability to balance the generation and demand. However, current works rarely consider the influence of navigation uncertainties, i.e., uncertain water waves and winds, and fail to address two characteristics of shipboard ESS, i.e., redundant capacity and distributed locations. In this paper, a two-stage robust optimal shipboard microgrid operation method is proposed to mitigate the pre-voyage and intra-voyage navigation uncertainties. The first stage is to regulate the onboard generation and voyage variables for addressing the worst pre-voyage navigation uncertainties and the second stage is an on-line recourse action which acts on intra-voyage uncertainty realization. To address the characteristics of shipboard ESS, the onboard batteries are separated into two groups and a multi-battery management strategy is proposed for the battery lifetime extension. An AES with 4 DGs and 4 batteries is used in the case studies. The simulation results show that the proposed method can well adapt to the navigation uncertainties and the multi-battery management can extend the battery lifetime by iteratively using different battery groups.