The psychological well-being and appearance concerns of patients presenting with ptosis

Purpose Ptosis affects both the function and appearance of the eyes and face, because of drooping of the eyelids. Previous research has focused on functional impairment; however, similar appearance altering eye conditions have been demonstrated to have major impacts on psychosocial functioning. Methods This study examines the psychological well-being and appearance concerns of patients presenting with ptosis recruited from Bristol Eye Hospital using validated questionnaires focusing on demographics and psychosocial factors before surgery. Results Patients reported higher levels of anxiety, depression, and appearance concern than population norms, with scores comparable to previous research examining the impact of other disfiguring eye conditions. Gender differences were observed, with almost half of females experiencing significant psychosocial issues related to appearance concern about their ptosis compared with 20% of males. Linear regressions revealed that the main predictor of poor adjustment to the appearance of ptosis was the level of concern an individual had regarding the negative perceptions of other people. These results implicate psychosocial factors and demographics as predictors of the development of appearance-related distress and compromised psychological well-being for patients with ptosis who are currently seeking surgery. Conclusions This study provides clinicians with a greater understanding of the concerns of affected patients, and treatment motivations. The findings may also inform the development of patient reported outcome measures and support for patients, which targets the psychosocial impact of the condition.