Three-dimensional accuracy assessment of eye surgeons

Overall manual accuracy in simulated microsurgery has been studied. Three eye surgeons have been tested thus far. Subjects attempted to hold a microsurgical instrument still for 30 s and its 3-D tip position was recorded. RMS error, overall motion range were calculated and spectral analysis was performed for each axis. The RMS error was between 54 mum and 118 mum and the overall range of motion was between 239 mum and 588 mum, depending on the axis. Substantial low frequency motion was present. Between 73.5% and 83.7% of the total power was found to be below 3 Hz, depending on the axis.