Migration Within the Frontier: The Second Generation Colonization in the Ecuadorian Amazon

被引:51
作者
Barbieri, Alisson Flavio [1 ]
Carr, David L. [2 ]
Bilsborrow, Richard E. [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Ctr Reg Dev & Planning CEDEPLAR, Dept Demog, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
[2] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[3] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA
基金
美国安德鲁·梅隆基金会; 美国国家航空航天局;
关键词
Ecuadorian Amazon; Rural-urban migration; Rural-rural migration; Agricultural colonization; Farm/household lifecycle; Multinomial model; HOUSEHOLD LIFE-CYCLES; LAND-USE; OUT-MIGRATION; TROPICAL DEFORESTATION; COVER; DETERMINANTS; FERTILITY; COUNTRIES; PATTERNS; RESERVE;
D O I
10.1007/s11113-008-9100-y
中图分类号
C921 [人口统计学];
学科分类号
摘要
Since the 1970s, migration to the Amazon has led to a growing human presence and resulting dramatic changes in the physical landscape of the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon frontier, including considerable deforestation. Over time, a second demographic phenomenon has emerged with the children of the original migrants leaving settler farms to set out on their own. The vast majority have remained in the Amazon region, some contributing to further changes in land use via rural-rural migration to establish new farms and others to incipient urbanization. This paper uses longitudinal, multi-scale data on settler colonists between 1990 and 1999 to analyze rural-rural and rural-urban migration among second-generation colonists within the region. Following a description of migrants and settlers in terms of their individual, household and community characteristics, a multinomial discrete-time hazard model is used to estimate the determinants of out-migration of the second generation settlers to both urban and rural areas. We find significant differences in the determinants of migration to the two types of destinations in personal characteristics, human capital endowments, stage of farm and household lifecycles, migration networks, and access to community resources and infrastructure. The paper concludes with a discussion of policy implications of migrants' choice of rural versus urban destinations.
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页码:291 / 320
页数:30
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