Factors controlling the evolution of groundwater dynamics and chemistry in the Senegal River Delta

被引:19
作者
Gning, Abdoul Aziz [1 ,2 ]
Orban, Philippe [1 ]
Gesels, Julie [1 ]
Ngom, Fatou Diop [2 ]
Dassargues, Alain [1 ]
Malou, Raymond [2 ]
Brouyere, Serge [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Liege, Urban & Environm Res Unit, Dept ArGEnCo, Hydrogeol & Environm Geol, Bldg B52-3, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
[2] Cheikh Anta Diop Univ Dakar, Dept Geol, Hydrogeol Lab, Dakar, Senegal
关键词
Senegal River Delta; Groundwatersurface water interaction; Hydrogeochemistry; Saline water; Irrigation; Soil salinization; SOIL SALINIZATION;
D O I
10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.01.005
中图分类号
TV21 [水资源调查与水利规划];
学科分类号
081501 ;
摘要
Study region: Senegal River Delta. Study focus: The Senegal River Delta is a strategic region for the development of irrigated agriculture. Despite a Sahelian climatic context, the management of the river with dams ensures water availability throughout the year. With the intensification of agriculture, degradation of cultivated soils is observed, mostly linked to the existence of a shallow salty aquifer. In this context, regional surveys were performed to characterize groundwatersurface water interactions and to identify the impact of artificial river management and agricultural intensification on the evolution of groundwater dynamics and chemistry. New hydrological insights for the region: Results show that groundwater far away from rivers and outside irrigated plots has evolved from marine water to brines under the influence of evapotranspiration. Near rivers, salinity of groundwater is lower than seawater and groundwater mineralization seems to evolve in the direction of softening through cationic exchanges related to permanent contact with fresh water. Despite large volumes of water used for rice cultivation, groundwater does not show any real softening trend in the cultivated parcels. Results show that the mechanisms that contribute to repel salt water from the sediments correspond to a lateral flush near permanent surface water streams and not to vertical drainage and dilution with rainfall or irrigation water. It is however difficult to estimate the time required to come back to more favorable conditions of groundwater salinity. (C) 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
引用
收藏
页码:133 / 144
页数:12
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