Single-mode waveguides for GRAVITY I. The cryogenic 4-telescope integrated optics beam combiner

被引：26

作者：

Perraut, K. ^{[1
]}

Jocou, L. ^{[1
]}

Berger, J. P. ^{[1
]}

Chabli, A. ^{[2
]}

Cardin, V. ^{[3
]}

Chamiot-Maitral, G. ^{[2
]}

Delboulbe, A. ^{[1
]}

Eisenhauer, F. ^{[4
]}

Gamberini, Y. ^{[5
]}

Gillessen, S. ^{[4
]}

Guieu, S. ^{[1
]}

Guerrero, J. ^{[2
]}

Haug, M. ^{[4
,6
]}

Hausmann, F. ^{[4
]}

Joulain, F. ^{[3
]}

Kervella, P. ^{[7
]}

Labeye, P. ^{[2
]}

Lacour, S. ^{[7
]}

Lanthermann, C. ^{[1
]}

Lapras, V. ^{[2
]}

Le Bouquin, J. B. ^{[1
]}

Lippa, M. ^{[4
]}

Magnard, Y. ^{[1
]}

Moulin, T. ^{[1
]}

Noel, P. ^{[2
]}

Nolot, A. ^{[1
]}

Patru, F. ^{[7
]}

Perrin, G. ^{[7
]}

Pfuhl, O. ^{[4
]}

Pocas, S. ^{[2
]}

Poulain, S. ^{[3
]}

Scibetta, C. ^{[2
]}

Stadler, E. ^{[1
]}

Templier, R. ^{[2
]}

Ventura, N. ^{[1
]}

Vizioz, C. ^{[2
]}

Amorim, A. ^{[8
]}

Brandner, W. ^{[9
]}

Straubmeier, C. ^{[10
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France

[2] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38000 Grenoble, France

[3] Le Verre Fluore, Rue Gabriel Voisin,Campus Kerlann, F-35170 Bruz, France

[4] Max Planck Inst Extraterrestrial Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85741 Garching, Germany

[5] GAMBERINI, 95 Rue Grives, F-38920 Crolles, France

[6] European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[7] Univ Paris Diderot, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ,Sorbonne Paris Cite, LESIA,Observ Paris,Univ Rech Paris Sci Lettres PS, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France

[8] Inst Super Tecn, CENTRA, Av Rovisco Pais, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal

[9] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

[10] Univ Cologne, Phys Inst 1, Zillpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2018年 / 614卷

关键词：

techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: interferometric; ASTRONOMICAL INTERFEROMETRY; VLTI; CIAO;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/201732544

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Context. Within the framework of the second-generation instrumentation of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer of the European Southern Observatory we have developed the four-telescope beam combiner in integrated optics. Aims. We optimized the performance of such beam combiners, for the first time in the near-infrared K band, for the GRAVITY instrument dedicated to the study of the close environment of the galactic centre black hole by precision narrow-angle astrometry and interferometric imaging. Methods. We optimized the design of the integrated optics chip and the manufacturing technology as well, to fulfil the very demanding throughput specification. We also designed an integrated optics assembly able to operate at 200 K in the GRAVITY cryostat to reduce thermal emission. Results. We manufactured about 50 beam combiners by silica-on-silicon etching technology. We glued the best combiners to single mode fluoride fibre arrays that inject the VLTI light into the integrated optics beam combiners. The final integrated optics assemblies have been fully characterized in the laboratory and through on-site calibrations: their global throughput over the K band is higher than 55% and the instrumental contrast reaches more than 95% in polarized light, which is well within the GRAVITY specifications. Conclusions. While integrated optics technology is known to be mature enough to provide efficient and reliable beam combiners for astronomical interferometry in the H band, we managed to successfully extend it to the longest wavelengths of the K band and to manufacture the most complex integrated optics beam combiner in this specific spectral band.

引用

页数：12