Problems of renewable energy sources integration in estuary marine ports power supply systems

Recent decades have shown rapid growth of maritime trade and an increase in sea freight volumes, which led to the development of coastal infrastructure. Developing seaports in some cases become centers of economic growth in coastal areas. Due to the localization of negative environmental factors in the port region, problems of ensuring environmental safety and sustainable development are of particular importance. One of the effective methods to reduce the technogenic impact on the environment is the replacement of fossil fuels with renewable energy sources that provide electricity for port operations and onshore power supply of ships. However, estuarine ports have limited territories and a reduced potential of renewable resources, in particular wind energy, due to the remoteness from coastal marine territories. The article examines the use of renewable energy sources for power supply using the example of the Kaliningrad Sea Trade Port. An assessment of the potential of solar and wind energy is given. The analysis of the power supply system of the port was carried out and recommendations were given for the implementation of distributed generation systems based on renewable energy sources.