On the Gamma-Ray Nebula of Vela Pulsar. I. Very Slow Diffusion of Energetic Electrons within the TeV Nebula

被引：7
作者：
Bao, Yiwei [1 ]
Liu, Siming [2 ,3 ]
Chen, Yang [1 ,4 ]
机构：
[1] Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
[2] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Key Lab Dark Matter & Space Astron, Nanjing 210034, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
[3] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China
[4] Nanjing Univ, Key Lab Modern Astron & Astrophys, Minist Educ, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
来源：
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2019年 / 877卷 / 01期
基金：
国家重点研发计划;
关键词：
cosmic rays; diffusion; ISM: individual objects (Vela X); ISM: supernova remnants; X-RAY; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; RADIO; DISCOVERY; ORIGIN;
D O I：
10.3847/1538-4357/ab1908
中图分类号：
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号：
0704 ;
摘要：
High-energy particle transport in pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) plays an essential role in explaining the characteristics revealed in multiwavelength observations. In this paper, the TeV-gamma-ray-emitting electrons in the Vela X PWN are approximated to be injected impulsively when the cocoon is formed due to the interaction between the SNR reverse shock and the PWN. By solving the diffusion-loss equation analytically, we reproduce the broadband spectral energy distribution and surface brightness profile simultaneously. The diffusion coefficient of TeV electrons and positrons, which is well constrained by the spectral and spatial properties of the TeV nebula, is thus determined to be 1 x 10(26) cm(2) s(-1) for 10 TeV electrons and positrons. This coefficient is more than three orders of magnitude lower than that in the interstellar medium, in agreement with a constraint recently obtained from HAWC observations of a TeV nebula associated with the Geminga pulsar. These results suggest that slow diffusion of high-energy particles might be common in PWNe.
引用
收藏
页数：5
相关论文
共 37 条
  • [1] FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF THE VELA-X PULSAR WIND NEBULA
    Abdo, A. A.
    Ackermann, M.
    Ajello, M.
    Allafort, A.
    Baldini, L.
    Ballet, J.
    Barbiellini, G.
    Bastieri, D.
    Bechtol, K.
    Bellazzini, R.
    Berenji, B.
    Blandford, R. D.
    Bloom, E. D.
    Bonamente, E.
    Borgland, A. W.
    Bouvier, A.
    Bregeon, J.
    Brez, A.
    Brigida, M.
    Bruel, P.
    Burnett, T. H.
    Buson, S.
    Caliandro, G. A.
    Cameron, R. A.
    Caraveo, P. A.
    Carrigan, S.
    Casandjian, J. M.
    Cecchi, C.
    Celik, Oe
    Chekhtman, A.
    Chung, C. C.
    Chiang, J.
    Ciprini, S.
    Claus, R.
    Cohen-Tanugi, J.
    Conrad, J.
    de Angelis, A.
    de Palma, F.
    Dormody, M.
    do Couto e Silva, E.
    Drell, P. S.
    Dubois, R.
    Dumora, D.
    Farnier, C.
    Favuzzi, C.
    Fegan, S. J.
    Focke, W. B.
    Fortin, P.
    Frailis, M.
    Fukazawa, Y.
    [J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2010, 713 (01) : 146 - 153
  • [2] Cosmic-ray electron-positron spectrum from 7 GeV to 2 TeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
    Abdollahi, S.
    Ackermann, M.
    Ajello, M.
    Atwood, W. B.
    Baldini, L.
    Barbiellini, G.
    Bastieri, D.
    Bellazzini, R.
    Bloom, E. D.
    Bonino, R.
    Brandt, T. J.
    Bregeon, J.
    Bruel, P.
    Buehler, R.
    Cameron, R. A.
    Caputo, R.
    Caragiulo, M.
    Castro, D.
    Cavazzuti, E.
    Cecchi, C.
    Chekhtman, A.
    Ciprini, S.
    Cohen-Tanugi, J.
    Costanza, F.
    Cuoco, A.
    Cutini, S.
    D'Ammando, F.
    de Palma, F.
    Desiante, R.
    Digel, S. W.
    Di Lalla, N.
    Di Mauro, M.
    Di Venere, L.
    Drell, P. S.
    Drlica-Wagner, A.
    Favuzzi, C.
    Focke, W. B.
    Funk, S.
    Fusco, P.
    Gargano, F.
    Gasparrini, D.
    Giglietto, N.
    Giordano, F.
    Giroletti, M.
    Green, D.
    Guillemot, L.
    Guiriec, S.
    Harding, A. K.
    Jogler, T.
    Johannesson, G.
    [J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 2017, 95 (08)
  • [3] Extended gamma-ray sources around pulsars constrain the origin of the positron flux at Earth
    Abeysekara, A. U.
    Albert, A.
    Alfaro, R.
    Alvarez, C.
    Alvarez, J. D.
    Arceo, R.
    Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C.
    Rojas, D. Avila
    Solares, H. A. Ayala
    Barber, A. S.
    Bautista-Elivar, N.
    Becerril, A.
    Belmont-Moreno, E.
    BenZvi, S. Y.
    Berley, D.
    Bernal, A.
    Braun, J.
    Brisbois, C.
    Caballero-Mora, K. S.
    Capistran, T.
    Carraminana, A.
    Casanova, S.
    Castillo, M.
    Cotti, U.
    Cotzomi, J.
    de Leon, S. Coutino
    De Leon, C.
    De la Fuente, E.
    Dingus, B. L.
    DuVernois, M. A.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Ellsworth, R. W.
    Engel, K.
    Enriquez-Rivera, O.
    Fiorino, D. W.
    Fraija, N.
    Garcia-Gonzalez, J. A.
    Garfias, F.
    Gerhardt, M.
    Munoz, A. Gonzalez
    Gonzalez, M. M.
    Goodman, J. A.
    Hampel-Arias, Z.
    Harding, J. P.
    Hernandez, S.
    Hernandez-Almada, A.
    Hinton, J.
    Hona, B.
    Hui, C. M.
    Huntemeyer, P.
    [J]. SCIENCE, 2017, 358 (6365) : 911 - 914
  • [4] Probing the extent of the non-thermal emission from the Vela X region at TeV energies with HESS
    Abramowski, A.
    Acero, F.
    Aharonian, F.
    Akhperjanian, A. G.
    Anton, G.
    Balenderan, S.
    Balzer, A.
    Barnacka, A.
    Becherini, Y.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Bernloehr, K.
    Birsin, E.
    Biteau, J.
    Bochow, A.
    Boisson, C.
    Bolmont, J.
    Bordas, P.
    Brucker, J.
    Brun, F.
    Brun, P.
    Bulik, T.
    Carrigan, S.
    Casanova, S.
    Cerruti, M.
    Chadwick, P. M.
    Charbonnier, A.
    Chaves, R. C. G.
    Cheesebrough, A.
    Cologna, G.
    Conrad, J.
    Couturier, C.
    Dalton, M.
    Daniel, M. K.
    Davids, I. D.
    Degrange, B.
    Deil, C.
    deWilt, P.
    Dickinson, H. J.
    Djannati-Atai, A.
    Domainko, W.
    Drury, L. O' C.
    Dubois, F.
    Dubus, G.
    Dutson, K.
    Dyks, J.
    Dyrda, M.
    Egberts, K.
    Eger, P.
    Espigat, P.
    Fallon, L.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2012, 548
  • [5] High Statistics Measurement of the Positron Fraction in Primary Cosmic Rays of 0.5-500 GeV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
    Accardo, L.
    Aguilar, M.
    Aisa, D.
    Alpat, B.
    Alvino, A.
    Ambrosi, G.
    Andeen, K.
    Arruda, L.
    Attig, N.
    Azzarello, P.
    Bachlechner, A.
    Barao, F.
    Barrau, A.
    Barrin, L.
    Bartoloni, A.
    Basara, L.
    Battarbee, M.
    Battiston, R.
    Bazo, J.
    Becker, U.
    Behlmann, M.
    Beischer, B.
    Berdugo, J.
    Bertucci, B.
    Bigongiari, G.
    Bindi, V.
    Bizzaglia, S.
    Bizzarri, M.
    Boella, G.
    de Boer, W.
    Bollweg, K.
    Bonnivard, V.
    Borgia, B.
    Borsini, S.
    Boschini, M. J.
    Bourquin, M.
    Burger, J.
    Cadoux, F.
    Cai, X. D.
    Capell, M.
    Caroff, S.
    Carosi, G.
    Casaus, J.
    Cascioli, V.
    Castellini, G.
    Cernuda, I.
    Cerreta, D.
    Cervelli, F.
    Chae, M. J.
    Chang, Y. H.
    [J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2014, 113 (12)
  • [6] Measurement of Separate Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Spectra with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
    Ackermann, M.
    Ajello, M.
    Allafort, A.
    Atwood, W. B.
    Baldini, L.
    Barbiellini, G.
    Bastieri, D.
    Bechtol, K.
    Bellazzini, R.
    Berenji, B.
    Blandford, R. D.
    Bloom, E. D.
    Bonamente, E.
    Borgland, A. W.
    Bouvier, A.
    Bregeon, J.
    Brigida, M.
    Bruel, P.
    Buehler, R.
    Buson, S.
    Caliandro, G. A.
    Cameron, R. A.
    Caraveo, P. A.
    Casandjian, J. M.
    Cecchi, C.
    Charles, E.
    Chekhtman, A.
    Cheung, C. C.
    Chiang, J.
    Ciprini, S.
    Claus, R.
    Cohen-Tanugi, J.
    Conrad, J.
    Cutini, S.
    de Angelis, A.
    de Palma, F.
    Dermer, C. D.
    Digel, S. W.
    do Couto e Silva, E.
    Drell, P. S.
    Drlica-Wagner, A.
    Favuzzi, C.
    Fegan, S. J.
    Ferrara, E. C.
    Focke, W. B.
    Fortin, P.
    Fukazawa, Y.
    Funk, S.
    Fusco, P.
    Gargano, F.
    [J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2012, 108 (01)
  • [7] Cosmic-Ray Positron Energy Spectrum Measured by PAMELA
    Adriani, O.
    Barbarino, G. C.
    Bazilevskaya, G. A.
    Bellotti, R.
    Bianco, A.
    Boezio, M.
    Bogomolov, E. A.
    Bongi, M.
    Bonvicini, V.
    Bottai, S.
    Bruno, A.
    Cafagna, F.
    Campana, D.
    Carbone, R.
    Carlson, P.
    Casolino, M.
    Castellini, G.
    De Donato, C.
    De Santis, C.
    De Simone, N.
    Di Felice, V.
    Formato, V.
    Galper, A. M.
    Karelin, A. V.
    Koldashov, S. V.
    Koldobskiy, S. A.
    Krutkov, S. Y.
    Kvashnin, A. N.
    Leonov, A.
    Malakhov, V.
    Marcelli, L.
    Martucci, M.
    Mayorov, A. G.
    Menn, W.
    Merge, M.
    Mikhailov, V. V.
    Mocchiutti, E.
    Monaco, A.
    Mori, N.
    Munini, R.
    Osteria, G.
    Palma, F.
    Papini, P.
    Pearce, M.
    Picozza, P.
    Pizzolotto, C.
    Ricci, M.
    Ricciarini, S. B.
    Rossetto, L.
    Sarkar, R.
    [J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2013, 111 (08)
  • [8] Towards Understanding the Origin of Cosmic-Ray Positrons
    Aguilar, M.
    Cavasonza, L. Ali
    Ambrosi, G.
    Arruda, L.
    Attig, N.
    Azzarello, P.
    Bachlechner, A.
    Barao, F.
    Barrau, A.
    Barrin, L.
    Bartoloni, A.
    Basara, L.
    Basegmez-du Pree, S.
    Battiston, R.
    Becker, U.
    Behlmann, M.
    Beischer, B.
    Berdugo, J.
    Bertucci, B.
    Bindi, V.
    de Boer, W.
    Bollweg, K.
    Borgia, B.
    Boschini, M. J.
    Bourquin, M.
    Bueno, E. F.
    Burger, J.
    Burger, W. J.
    Cai, X. D.
    Capell, M.
    Caroff, S.
    Casaus, J.
    Castellini, G.
    Cervelli, F.
    Chang, Y. H.
    Chen, G. M.
    Chen, H. S.
    Chen, Y.
    Cheng, L.
    Chou, H. Y.
    Choutko, V.
    Chung, C. H.
    Clark, C.
    Coignet, G.
    Consolandi, C.
    Contin, A.
    Corti, C.
    Crispoltoni, M.
    Cui, Z.
    Dadzie, K.
    [J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2019, 122 (04)
  • [9] First detection of a VHE gamma-ray spectral maximum from a cosmic source:: HESS discovery of the Vela X nebula
    Aharonian, F
    Akhperjanian, AG
    Bazer-Bachi, AR
    Beilicke, M
    Benbow, W
    Berge, D
    Bernlöhr, K
    Boisson, C
    Bolz, O
    Borrel, V
    Braun, I
    Breitling, F
    Brown, AM
    Bühler, R
    Büsching, I
    Carrigan, S
    Chadwick, PM
    Chounet, LM
    Cornils, R
    Costamante, L
    Degrange, B
    Dickinson, HJ
    Djannati-Ataï, A
    Drury, LO
    Dubus, G
    Egberts, K
    Emmanoulopoulos, D
    Epinat, B
    Espigat, P
    Feinstein, F
    Ferrero, E
    Fontaine, G
    Funk, S
    Funk, S
    Gallant, YA
    Giebels, B
    Glicenstein, JF
    Goret, P
    Hadjichristidis, C
    Hauser, D
    Hauser, M
    Heinzelmann, G
    Henri, G
    Hermann, G
    Hinton, JA
    Hofmann, W
    Holleran, M
    Horns, D
    Jacholkowska, A
    de Jager, OC
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2006, 448 (02) : L43 - L47
  • [10] Direct detection of a break in the teraelectronvolt cosmic-ray spectrum of electrons and positrons
    Ambrosi, G.
    An, Q.
    Asfandiyarov, R.
    Azzarello, P.
    Bernardini, P.
    Bertucci, B.
    Cai, M. S.
    Chang, J.
    Chen, D. Y.
    Chen, H. F.
    Chen, J. L.
    Chen, W.
    Cui, M. Y.
    Cui, T. S.
    D'Amone, A.
    De Benedittis, A.
    De Mitri, I.
    Di Santo, M.
    Dong, J. N.
    Dong, T. K.
    Dong, Y. F.
    Dong, Z. X.
    Donvito, G.
    Droz, D.
    Duan, K. K.
    Duan, J. L.
    Duranti, M.
    D'Urso, D.
    Fan, R. R.
    Fan, Y. Z.
    Fang, F.
    Feng, C. Q.
    Feng, L.
    Fusco, P.
    Gallo, V.
    Gan, F. J.
    Gao, M.
    Gao, S. S.
    Gargano, F.
    Garrappa, S.
    Gong, K.
    Gong, Y. Z.
    Guo, D. Y.
    Guo, J. H.
    Hu, Y. M.
    Huang, G. S.
    Huang, Y. Y.
    Ionica, M.
    Jiang, D.
    Jiang, W.
    [J]. NATURE, 2017, 552 (7683) : 63 - +
1234