Extracellular vesicles, from the pathogenesis to the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases

被引：52
作者：
Xia, Xiaohuan [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,7 ]
Wang, Yi [2 ,5 ,6 ]
Zheng, Jialin C. [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,6 ,7 ]
机构：
[1] Tongji Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Translat Neurodegenerat & Regenerat Therapy, Tongji Hosp, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China
[2] Shanghai Frontiers Sci Ctr Nanocatalyt Med, Shanghai 200331, Peoples R China
[3] Tongji Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Spine & Spinal Cord Injury Repair & Regen, Shanghai 200065, Peoples R China
[4] Tongji Univ, Sch Med, Translat Res Inst Brain & Brain Intelligence, Shanghai Peoples Hosp 4, Shanghai 200434, Peoples R China
[5] Tongji Univ, Sch Med, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabil Hosp, Translat Res Ctr, Shanghai 201613, Peoples R China
[6] Tongji Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Brain Sci, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China
[7] Tongji Univ, Ctr Translat Neurodegenerat & Regenerat Therapy, Tongji Hosp, Sch Med, Shanghai 200065, Peoples R China
来源：
TRANSLATIONAL NEURODEGENERATION | 2022年 / 11卷 / 01期
基金：
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词：
Extracellular vesicle; Exosome; Neurodegenerative disease; Therapeutics; Biomarker; ASTROCYTE-DERIVED EXOSOMES; NEURAL PROGENITOR CELLS; DRUG-DELIVERY VEHICLES; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; STEM-CELLS; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; AMYLOID-BETA; PLASMA EXOSOMES;
D O I：
10.1186/s40035-022-00330-0
中图分类号：
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号：
071006 ;
摘要：
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small bilipid layer-enclosed vesicles that can be secreted by all tested types of brain cells. Being a key intercellular communicator, EVs have emerged as a key contributor to the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease through delivery of bioactive cargos within the central nervous system (CNS). Importantly, CNS cell-derived EVs can be purified via immunoprecipitation, and EV cargos with altered levels have been identified as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of NDs. Given the essential impact of EVs on the pathogenesis of NDs, pathological EVs have been considered as therapeutic targets and EVs with therapeutic effects have been utilized as potential therapeutic agents or drug delivery platforms for the treatment of NDs. In this review, we focus on recent research progress on the pathological roles of EVs released from CNS cells in the pathogenesis of NDs, summarize findings that identify CNS-derived EV cargos as potential biomarkers to diagnose NDs, and comprehensively discuss promising potential of EVs as therapeutic targets, agents, and drug delivery systems in treating NDs, together with current concerns and challenges for basic research and clinical applications of EVs regarding NDs.
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页数：31
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