Metabolic Status in Patients with Operable vs. Inoperable Left-to-Right Shunts

Background: Previous studies have shown the prognostic value of insulin resistance, hyperuricemia, and dyslipidemia in clinical outcome of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Whether these metabolic derangements are different between operable and inoperable left-to-right shunts is unknown. Material/Methods: Our study included 116 patients with left-to-right shunts (76 with atrial septal defect and 40 with ventricular septal defect) with or without pulmonary arterial hypertension. Operability of defect closure were assessed by cardiac catheterization and patients were subdivided into an operable group or an inoperable group. The metabolic status, including prediabetes, hyperuricemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity, were compared between groups. Results: Patients receiving defect correction had a lower HbA1c (B: 5.52 +/- 0.49 vs. 5.71 +/- 0.41, p=0.042) and uric acid (C: 358 +/- 105 vs. 406 +/- 126, p=0.029) but a higher HDLC (D: 1.21 +/- 0.33 vs. 1.08 +/- 0.22, p=0.017) and BMI (A: 20.4 +/- 3.9 vs. 18.8 +/- 3.1, p=0.023). Patients in the inoperable group had a higher prevalence of prediabetes (58% vs. 41%, p=0.076), hyperuricemia (37.2% vs. 21.9, p=0.106), dyslipidemia (74% vs. 56%, p=0.049) but a lower prevalence of hypertension (13.9% vs. 30.1%, p=0.049) and obesity (4.6% vs. 12.3%, p=0.301). According to logistic regression, only HbA1c (1.76 (0.53, 2.99), HR (95% Cl), p=0.005) remained significant for pulmonary vascular resistance. Conclusions: Although prediabetes, hyperuricemia, and dyslipidemia were all more prevalent in patients with inoperable left-to-right shunts, only prediabetes was found to be significantly associated with higher pulmonary vascular resistance.