Effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor on cochlear blood flow

We observed in rats the changes in cochlear blood flow (CoBF) and cutaneous blood flow of the abdominal all (AbBF) after the administration of the NO synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME), Ten minutes after i.v. infusion of L-NAME (0.2, 1, 5, 10 mg/kg), L-arginine, which is a substrate of NO, was infused (100 mg/kg) i.v, Employing a laser Doppler flowmeter, the changes in blood flow were recorded from the basal turn of the right cochlea or the abdominal all and blood pressure (BP) was recorded from the left femoral artery simultaneously. Vascular conductance (VC) was calculated from CoBF/ mean BP (cochlear VC) or AbBF/mean BP (abdominal VC). The findings in rats generally agreed with those in guinea Pigs [Brechtelsbauer et al., Hear. Res. 77 (1994) 38-42]. Intravenous infusion of L-NAME produced it dose-dependent depression of cochlear VC at 0.2 mg/kg (-18.9), 1 mg/kg (-37.9%), 5 mg/kg (-45.8%) and 10 mg/kg (-48.3%). AbBF also decreased after infusion of L-NAME (5 mg/kg) but to a lesser degree (-41.1%,) in VC) with no significance compared to CoBF (5 mg/kg). Infusion Of L-arginine partially reversed the CoBF decrease caused by L-NAME. The group of 0.2 mg/kg infusion of L-NAME showed the largest degree of recovery with L-arginine, while the 10 mg/kg group showed the smallest. The decrease ill AbBF did not recover substantially with L-arginine, the degree being less than that of each group in the CoBF experiment. It its Suggested that the NO/ soluble guanylate cyclase/cGMP system is more active in the cochlear microcirculation, With the round window (RW) application of 1% L-NAME (2 mul), cochlear VC was decreased by 21.6%, which was closest to that of the 0.2 mg/kg group of L-NAME i.v. infusion. The cochlear VC depression after local application of L-NAME did not show any recovery (-0.3%) by RW application Of 5% L-arginine (2 mul) 25 min after L-NAME application: a slight gradual increase was observed when a higher concentration (20%) Of L-arginine was applied to the RW. We propose that i.v. infusions of L-NAME and L-arginine primarily affect the precapillary arteriole of the spiral modiolar artery which effectively regulates microcirculation as a resistance vessel. and that RW application affects the vessels of the lateral wall. not the spiral modiolar artery because of the difficulty of substance diffusion. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.