Foundation restorations in fixed prosthodontics: Current knowledge and future needs

Purpose. The Ad Hoc Committee on Research in Fixed Prosthodontics established by the Academy of Fixed Prosthodontics publishes a yearly comprehensive literature review on a selected topic. The subject for this year is foundation restorations. Methods. Literature of various in vitro and in vivo investigations that included technical and clinical articles was reviewed to provide clinical guidelines for the dentist when selecting methods and materials for restoration of structurally compromised teeth. Topics discussed and critically reviewed include: (1) desirable features of foundation restorations, (2) foundations for pulpless teeth, (3) historic perspectives, (4) cast posts and cores, (5) role of the ferrule effect, (6) prefabricated posts, (7) direct cores, (8) foundation restorations for severely compromised teeth, (9) problems and limitations, (10) future needs, and (11) directions for future research. Conclusion. This comprehensive review brings together literature from a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies, along a with technique articles and clinical reports to provide meaningful guidelines for the dentist when selecting methods and materials for the restoration of structurally compromised teeth.