Polymer Nanocomposites for Emulsion-Based Coatings and Adhesives

Emulsion-based coatings and adhesives are in growing demand due to an increased awareness of health and safety issues arising from solvent-based polymer manufacturing processes. However, emulsion-based techniques often require additional development to achieve equal or better application performance compared to solvent-based processes. The inclusion of nanoparticles in emulsion-based coatings and adhesives can be considered as a promising means to enhance performance. This paper reviews the current progress on the synthesis of emulsion-based nanocomposites for coating and adhesive applications and addresses the principles and techniques for nanoparticle dispersions and their inclusion into polymer latexes. The effects of nanoparticle shape and size on the enhancement of nanocomposite properties are also highlighted. Among the reinforcing nanoparticles such as nanoclays, carbon nanotubes, and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), CNCs are promising due to their abundance, nontoxicity, and accessible surface hydroxyl groups, which facilitate their compatibility with polymer latexes via physical and chemical treatments.