A Facile Synthesis of P(VDF-TrFE)-Coated-PMMA Janus Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration

Bone repair and regeneration have aroused widespread interest due to their potential usefulness in cases when bone self-healing is insufficient. In this work, a Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene)-coated-Poly methyl methacrylate Janus membrane was prepared, where a P(VDF-TrFE) coating on a PMMA film serves as Janus-A to mediate cell growth behavior, owing to its electroactivity, and the PMMA film serves as Janus-B to inhibit soft-tissue growth. A P(VDF-TrFE) coating separated from the substrate was put above the PMMA film before the PMMA film had dried completely, and a Janus membrane formed because of the flowability and adhesion of the nonvolatile PMMA solution. Their bonding could withstand the pressure of the body fluids in the shear direction. Various crystallization substrates were also applied to modulate the P(VDF-TrFE) coating's surface potentials, as the surface potential would further affect cellular response. It was also found that the responses of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and bone marrow macrophages (BMDMs) could be adjusted through surface potential modification. Such a Janus membrane could potentially be applied to a biological environment with the effect of both guiding bone regeneration and preventing soft tissue adhesion.