SB431542-Loaded Liposomes Alleviate Liver Fibrosis by Suppressing TGF-β Signaling

Liver fibrosis is a common outcome of most chronic liver diseases, but there is no clinically approved drug for its treatment. Previous studies have reported the potential of SB431542 as an inhibitor of TGF-beta signaling in the treatment of liver fibrosis, but it shows poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Here, we improve these characteristics of SB431542 by loading it into liposomes (SB-Lips) with two FDA-approved excipients: soya phosphatidyl S100 and Solutol HS15. In vitro, SB-Lips had stronger inhibitory effects on the proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells LX-2 than free SB. After an intravenous injection in a CCl4-induced liver fibrosis mouse model, SB-Lips accumulated preferentially in the liver, its area under the concentration-time curve was significantly higher than that of free SB431542, and it alleviated hepatic fibrosis significantly more than free drug, which was associated with greater inhibition of TGF-beta signaling. Furthermore, SB-Lips did not cause significant injury to other organs. These results suggest that our liposomal system is safe and effective for delivering SB431542 to fibrotic liver.