Clinical features, survival and prognostic factors of primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Objective: To assess the clinical features, survival and prognostic factors of primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: A retrospective study of 37 patients with primary testicular DLBCL was carried out from November 2003 to May 2012. Their clinical features, survival and prognostic factors were analyzed. Results: During a median follow-up period of 39.8 months (5.4-93.0 months), the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 26.2 months (95% CI: 0-65 months) and the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was 78.4%. Within the whole cohort, the factors significantly associated with a superior PFS were limited stage (stage I/IL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) <= 245 U/L, international prognostic index (IPI) <= 1, primary tumor diameter <7.5 cm, and patients who had complete response (CR) and received doxorubicin-contained chemotherapy (P<0.05). There was a trend toward superior outcome for patients who received combined therapy (surgery/ chemotherapy/radiotherapy) (P=0.055). Patients who had CR, primary tumor diameter <7.5 cm and IPI score <= 1 were significantly associated with longer PFS at multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Primary testicular DLBCL had poorer survival. CR, primary tumor diameter and IPI were independent prognostic factors. The combined therapy of orchectomy, doxorubicin-contained chemotherapy and contralateral testicular radiotherapy (RT) seemed to improve survival.