Integrating pests and pathogens into the climate change/food security debate

被引:300
作者
Gregory, Peter J. [1 ]
Johnson, Scott N. [1 ]
Newton, Adrian C. [1 ]
Ingram, John S. I. [2 ]
机构
[1] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland
[2] Univ Oxford, GECAFS Int Project Off, Environm Change Inst, Ctr Environm, Oxford OX1 3QY, England
关键词
Crop-pathogen interactions; crop-pest interactions; crop productivity; yield; ELEVATED CO2; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PLANT-DISEASE; HERBIVORE INTERACTIONS; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DROUGHT STRESS; CEREAL APHIDS; CROP YIELD;
D O I
10.1093/jxb/erp080
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
While many studies have demonstrated the sensitivities of plants and of crop yield to a changing climate, a major challenge for the agricultural research community is to relate these findings to the broader societal concern with food security. This paper reviews the direct effects of climate on both crop growth and yield and on plant pests and pathogens and the interactions that may occur between crops, pests, and pathogens under changed climate. Finally, we consider the contribution that better understanding of the roles of pests and pathogens in crop production systems might make to enhanced food security. Evidence for the measured climate change on crops and their associated pests and pathogens is starting to be documented. Globally atmospheric [CO2] has increased, and in northern latitudes mean temperature at many locations has increased by about 1.0-1.4 degrees C with accompanying changes in pest and pathogen incidence and to farming practices. Many pests and pathogens exhibit considerable capacity for generating, recombining, and selecting fit combinations of variants in key pathogenicity, fitness, and aggressiveness traits that there is little doubt that any new opportunities resulting from climate change will be exploited by them. However, the interactions between crops and pests and pathogens are complex and poorly understood in the context of climate change. More mechanistic inclusion of pests and pathogen effects in crop models would lead to more realistic predictions of crop production on a regional scale and thereby assist in the development of more robust regional food security policies.
引用
收藏
页码:2827 / 2838
页数:12
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