Motoric cognitive risk syndrome and mortality: results from the EPIDOS cohort

Background and purpose Cognitive impairment, slow walking speed and motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) have separately been associated with an increased risk for mortality in the short term. The aim of the study was to examine the association of MCR and its components [i.e. subjective cognitive complaint (SCC) and slow walking speed] with short-, medium- and long-term mortality in older community-dwellers. Methods In all, 3778 participants from the Epidemiologie de l'Osteoporose (EPIDOS) study were selected. MCR was defined as the combination of slow walking speed and SCC in participants without major neurocognitive disorders. Deaths were prospectively recorded using mail, phone calls, questionnaires and/or the French national death registry at 5, 10, 15 and 19 (end of follow-up period) years. Results Over the follow-up of 19 years, 80.5% (n = 3043) participants died. Slow walking speed and MCR were associated with mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.20 with P = 0.004 for slow walking speed and HR = 1.26 with P = 0.002 for MCR at 10 years; HR = 1.27 with P <= 0.001 for slow walking speed and HR = 1.22 with P = 0.001 for MCR at 15 years; HR = 1.41 with P <= 0.001 at 19 years for slow walking speed and MCR]. There was no association between SCC and mortality. Kaplan-Meier distributions of mortality showed that participants with MCR and slow walking speed died earlier compared to healthy participants and those with SCC (P < 0.001). Conclusions Slow walking speed and MCR were associated with an increased risk for mortality at the medium and long term, whereas no association was found with SCC.