Preventive Effects of Ramelteon on Delirium A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

被引:246
作者
Hatta, Kotaro [1 ]
Kishi, Yasuhiro [2 ]
Wada, Ken [3 ]
Takeuchi, Takashi [4 ]
Odawara, Toshinari [5 ]
Usui, Chie [1 ]
Nakamura, Hiroyuki [6 ]
机构
[1] Juntendo Univ, Nerima Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Tokyo 1778521, Japan
[2] Musashikosugi Hosp, Nippon Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
[3] Hiroshima City Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Hiroshima, Japan
[4] Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Dept Psychiat, Tokyo, Japan
[5] Yokohama City Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Psychiat, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232, Japan
[6] Kanazawa Univ, Dept Environm & Prevent Med, Grad Sch Med Sci, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
基金
日本学术振兴会;
关键词
POSTOPERATIVE DELIRIUM; ELDERLY-PATIENTS; CIRCADIAN CLOCK; RATING-SCALE; HIP FRACTURE; OLDER-ADULTS; MELATONIN; SURGERY; REPLACEMENT; DONEPEZIL;
D O I
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.3320
中图分类号
R749 [精神病学];
学科分类号
100205 ;
摘要
IMPORTANCE No highly effective interventions to prevent delirium have been identified. OBJECTIVE To examine whether ramelteon, a melatonin agonist, is effective for the prevention of delirium. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A multicenter, rater-blinded, randomized placebo-controlled trial was performed in intensive care units and regular acute wards of 4 university hospitals and 1 general hospital. Eligible patients were 65 to 89 years old, newly admitted due to serious medical problems, and able to take medicine orally. Patients were excluded from the study if they had an expected stay or life expectancy of less than 48 hours. INTERVENTIONS Sixty-seven patients were randomly assigned using the sealed envelope method to receive ramelteon (8 mg/d; 33 patients) or placebo (34 patients) every night for 7 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incidence of delirium, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition). RESULTS Ramelteon was associated with a lower risk of delirium (3% vs 32%; P = .003), with a relative risk of 0.09 (95% CI, 0.01-0.69). Even after risk factors were controlled for, ramelteon was still associated with a lower incidence of delirium (P =.01; odds ratio, 0.07 [95% CI, 0.008-0.54]). The Kaplan-Meier estimates of time to development of delirium were 6.94 (95% CI, 6.82-7.06) days for ramelteon and 5.74 (5.05-6.42) days for placebo. Comparison by log-rank test showed that the frequency of delirium was significantly lower in patients taking ramelteon than in those taking placebo (X-2 = 9.83; P =.002). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Ramelteon administered nightly to elderly patients admitted for acute care may provide protection against delirium. This finding supports a possible pathogenic role of melatonin neurotransmission in delirium.
引用
收藏
页码:397 / 403
页数:7
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