Triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and low ankle brachial index in an elderly population

Background: The associations of triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (HDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) to HDL-C ratio and low ankle brachial index (ABI) were seldom investigated. Patients and methods: A population based cross-sectional survey was conducted and 2982 participants 60 years and over were recruited. TG, TC, HDL-C, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were assessed in all participants. Low ABI was defined as ABI <= 0.9 in either leg. Multiple logistic regression models were applied to study the association between TG/HDL-C ratio, TC/HDL-C ratio and low ABI. Results: The TG/HDL-C ratios for those with ABI > 0.9 and ABI <= 0.9 were 1.28 +/- 1.20 and 1.48 +/- 1.13 (P < 0.0001), while the TC/HDL-C ratios were 3.96 +/- 1.09 and 4.32 +/- 1.15 (P < 0.0001), respectively. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, obesity, current drinking, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, lipid-lowering drugs, and cardiovascular disease history, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of low ABI for TG/HDL-C ratio and TC/HDL-C ratio were 1.10 (0.96, 1.26) and 1.34 (1.14, 1.59) in non-smokers. When TC was further adjusted, the ORs (95% CIs) were 1.40 (0.79, 2.52) and 1.53 (1.21, 1.93) for TG/HDL-C ratio and TC/HDL-C ratio, respectively. Non-linear relationships were detected between TG/HDL-C ratio and TC/HDL-C ratio and low ABI in both smokers and non-smokers. Conclusions: TC/HDL-C ratio was significantly associated with low ABI in non-smokers and the association was independent of TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C. TC/HDL-C might be considered as a potential biomarker for early peripheral arterial disease screening.