Hymenoptera Venom Allergy

The diagnosis of Hymenoptera venom allergy is a significant epidemiological issue. Among 0.15% to 3% of the general population has a history of systemic allergic reactions caused by an insect sting. Hymenoptera that cause this type of reactions are bees, bumblebees, wasps and ants. The clinical manifestations vary from local reactions (redness, swelling, pruritus and/or pain) to systemic reactions, and even anaphylactic shock. The immediate management depends on the intensity of the reaction. It includes the application of local cold, antihistamines, oral or topical glucocorticosteroids and, in severe cases, an intramuscular or subcutaneous injection of epinephrine. The specific immunotherapy has demonstrated to be very effective in reducing the risk of severe reaction following a new Hymenoptera sting.