Experimental demonstration of a low-latency fiber soliton logic gate

We experimentally demonstrate switching in a 50 m-long soliton logic gate with a switching energy of 40 pJ using 490 fs pulses at 1.553 mu m from an erbium-doped fiber laser. A full characterization of this gate shows a peak contrast ratio of 4.2:1, a timing window of 1.1 pulse width and cascadable operation. To our knowledge, the gate length of 50 m is at least six times shorter than other designs with comparable switching energies. The low-latency of this gate is possible due to a low-birefringent polarization-maintaining fiber that possesses a high polarization extinction ratio of up to 20 dB with a low birefringence of 2.6 x 10(-6). The low birefringence leads to a longer walk-off length between two orthogonally polarized pulses, where the walk-off length for 490 fs pulses is 56 m. We also study this gate numerically and find good agreement between the simulations and experiments.