Failures and avalanches in complex networks

被引：41
作者：
Bakke, J. O. H. [1 ]
Hansen, A.
Kertesz, J.
机构：
[1] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
[2] Budapest Univ Techol, Inst Phys, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
来源：
EUROPHYSICS LETTERS | 2006年 / 76卷 / 04期
关键词：
D O I：
10.1209/epl/i2006-10324-1
中图分类号：
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号：
0702 ;
摘要：
We study the size distribution of power blackouts for the Norwegian and North American power grids. We find that for both systems the size distribution follows power laws with exponents -1.65 +/- 0.05 and -2.0 +/- 0.1, respectively. We then present a model with global redistribution of the load when a link in the system fails which reproduces the power law from the Norwegian power grid if the simulation are carried out on the Norwegian high-voltage power grid. The model is also applied to regular and irregular networks and give power laws with exponents -2.0 +/- 0.05 for the regular networks and -1.5 +/- 0.05 for the irregular networks. A presented mean-field theory is in good agreement with these numerical results.
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收藏
页码：717 / 723
页数：7
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