Changes in the reproductive tract of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini) queen after mating

The effect of mating on the morphological features of the female reproductive system of the stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides was investigated as well as the amount of time required for spermatozoa transfer to the spermatheca after mating. Five-day old queens were allowed to mate in the presence of one male. After abandoning the females, the male was analyzed to verify genitalia loss. Fifteen mated queens were obtained and three specimens were dissected in the following periods after mating: 5, 10, 15, 20 and 40 days. For each mated queen analyzed there was another virgin queen used as control. Reproductive systems were extracted with light and scanning electron microscope procedures. Results indicated that mating induced ovarian activity and the increase of the spermatheca wall height. Ovarian activity was asynchronic, but in physogastric queens there was synchronism in oocyte production. Ovarioles in virgin queens were stretched, but after mating an enlargement. of the basal portion occurred. Follicle degeneration was frequent and seemed to follow virgin queen aging. Ten minutes after mating we found spermatozoa in the spermatheca. Three hours was the necessary for spermatheca lumen to become filled with spermatozoa.