Ceramide induces apoptosis in PC12 cells

The novel lipid second messenger, ceramide, induced apoptosis in PC12 cells as determined morphologically by nuclear appearance and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, Apoptosis was induced by exogenous C-2-ceramide in a dose- and time-dependent manner, Natural ceramide and C-6-ceramide had a similar effect, This response mas specific since the structural analog C-2-dihydroceramide and other related lipids failed to initiate apoptosis, The apoptotic effect of ceramide also depends critically on cell plating density, Furthermore, the peptide inhibitor of interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like proteases, Z-VAD.FMK, completely prevented the nuclear changes induced by ceramide, implicating the involvement of ICE-like protease activation in ceramide-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.