Diversity and evolution of class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems

被引：759

作者：

Shmakov, Sergey ^{[1
,2
]}

Smargon, Aaron ^{[3
,4
]}

Scott, David ^{[3
]}

Cox, David ^{[3
]}

Pyzocha, Neena ^{[3
,5
,6
]}

Yan, Winston ^{[3
]}

Abudayyeh, Omar O. ^{[3
,6
]}

Gootenberg, Jonathan S. ^{[3
,7
]}

Makarova, Kira S. ^{[2
]}

Wolf, Yuri I. ^{[2
]}

Severinov, Konstantin ^{[8
,9
]}

Zhang, Feng ^{[3
,6
,7
,10
,11
]}

Koonin, Eugene V. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Skolkovo Innovat Ctr, Skolkovo Inst Sci & Technol, Skolkovo 143025, Russia

[2] NIH, NCBI, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA

[3] Broad Inst Massachusetts Inst Technol MIT & Harva, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA

[4] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[5] MIT, Dept Biol, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[6] MIT, Dept Hlth Sci & Technol, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[7] MIT, McGovern Inst Brain Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[8] Rutgers State Univ, Waksman Inst Microbiol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA

[9] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Mol Genet, Moscow 123182, Russia

[10] MIT, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, E25-618, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[11] MIT, Dept Biol Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

来源：

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY | 2017年 / 15卷 / 03期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 俄罗斯科学基金会; 美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; DNA RECOGNITION; RNA; COMPLEX; IMMUNITY; CPF1; DEFENSE; CLEAVAGE; CLASSIFICATION;

D O I：

10.1038/nrmicro.2016.184

中图分类号：

Q93 [微生物学];

学科分类号：

071005 ; 100705 ;

摘要：

Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are characterized by effector modules that consist of a single multidomain protein, such as Cas9 or Cpf1. We designed a computational pipeline for the discovery of novel class 2 variants and used it to identify six new CRISPR-Cas subtypes. The diverse properties of these new systems provide potential for the development of versatile tools for genome editing and regulation. In this Analysis article, we present a comprehensive census of class 2 types and class 2 subtypes in complete and draft bacterial and archaeal genomes, outline evolutionary scenarios for the independent origin of different class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems from mobile genetic elements, and propose an amended classification and nomenclature of CRISPR-Cas.

引用

页码：169 / 182

页数：14

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