Improved bioavailability of vitamin D3 using a β-lactoglobulin-based coagulum

Vitamin D-3 (D-3) was encapsulated within a water-soluble matrix, formed by promoting the beta lg/D-3 complex by acidification. The capacity of the beta lg-based coagulum to increase the long term stability of D-3 in cold storage, upon exposure to intensive UV-light, and in the presence and absence of intestinal proteases, was evaluated. Additionally, the impact of the sequestration of D-3 within the matrix of beta lg-based coagulum on its bioavailability was determined in vivo with force-fed rats. The water solubility, long-term storage and UV-light stability of D-3 were significantly increased (p < 0.0001) due to the high encapsulation efficiency (94.5 +/- 1.8%). The beta lg-based coagulum was not rapidly disrupted by the proteases in the intestines, leading to a slow release of D-3, increased uptake of D-3 and subsequent enhancement of the bioavailability of D-3 in rats. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.