Let there be light ... and bread: the United Nations, the developing world, and atomic energy's Green Revolution

Although President Eisenhower's 1953 'Atoms for Peace' speech typically is associated with the promotion Of nuclear power, it also recommended other peaceful uses of the atom, including applications in agriculture. 'Developing' countries in particular took a keen interest in food preservation, grain disinfestation, fertilizer studies, insect control, and mutation breeding, all using irradiation. A conflict of philosophies emerged at the United Nations between the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The IAEA stood accused of promoting a narrow range of technological Solutions, ignoring more sensible but less sensational techniques, and tempting the poorest countries of the world to achieve 'modernization' with unproven technologies. The present essay Outlines the origins of FAO/IAEA conflict and collaboration in the 1960s, and explores the failed effort of plant geneticist Ronald Silow to stop what lie saw as the IAEA's hijacking of agriculture at the UN.