The Preparation of Ethyl Levulinate Facilitated by Flow Processing: The Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Esterification of Levulinic Acid

被引：19

作者：

Negus, Meghan P. ^{[1
]}

Mansfield, Andrew C. ^{[2
]}

Leadbeater, Nicholas E. ^{[1
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Connecticut, Dept Chem, Storrs, CT 06269 USA

[2] Vapourtec Ltd, Pk Farm Business Ctr, Bury St Edmunds IP28 6TS, Suffolk, England

[3] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Community Med & Hlth Care, Farmington, CT 06030 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF FLOW CHEMISTRY | 2015年 / 5卷 / 03期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

esterification; high pressure; biomass; FATTY-ACIDS; CONVERSION; CHEMISTRY; ETHANOL; BATCH; CELLULOSE; METHANOL;

D O I：

10.1556/1846.2015.00005

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

The catalyzed and uncatalyzed preparation of ethyl levulinate from levulinic acid and ethanol is presented. In the case of acid-catalyzed reactions, conditions were optimized in batch using microwave heating and then scaled-up using continuousflow processing. Both p-toluenesulfonic acid and sulfuric acid were used as catalysts, the latter proving most amenable. For the uncatalyzed reactions, all reactions were performed under continuous-flow conditions, using apparatus capable of operating at high temperature and pressure. Optimal conditions for the uncatalyzed process required heating a 3.6-M solution of levulinic acid in ethanol at 270 degrees C with a residence time of 30 min.

引用

页码：148 / 150

页数：3

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